Syntheses of Analgesics. XVIII

Xviii. Speech Communication'

The objectives of our work are to further our understanding of (a) the process whereby human listeners decode an acoustic speech signal into a sequence of discrete linguistic symbols, such as phonemes; and (b) the process whereby human talkers encode a sequence of discrete linguistic symbols into an acoustic signal. Current research activities related to these objectives include studies, aided ...

Xviii : Validation of Programming Models

Xviii. Cutaneous Sensory Mechanisms

We have previously reported1 that dogs raised in restriction cages from puppyhood to maturity have greater difficulty than normally reared littermates in performing a simple black-white discrimination and in subsequent reversal training. Since the restricted dogs had some patterned visual stimulation in their cages, their difficulty in performing a discrimination and then utilizing it in a new ...

Opioid Analgesics

Intensive research on the neurobiology of pain over the past two decades has revealed many receptors, ion channels and enzymes with potential as novel targets for development of a new generation of analgesic agents. However, despite large investment in preclinical and clinical development of small molecules and biologics as potential novel pain therapeutics, very few have reached the clinic. He...

Topical analgesics.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Pain treatment involves the usage of common and opioid analgesics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and adjuvant analgesics. Traditionally, these drugs are administered systemically or into the neuraxis. However, when analgesics are applied through these pathways, they are associated with significant side effects, which can hinder its use. Topical administ...